Nuvoton M453: FreeRTOS interrupt stops all tasks

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Task notifications and binary semaphores both serve as synchronization mechanisms in FreeRTOS. Task notifications are a lightweight, faster alternative when a single task needs to be signaled directly, making them ideal for one-to-one task communication. Unlike semaphores, they do not require a separate storage object and operate directly on the receiving task, reducing overhead. Binary semaphores allow multiple tasks to wait on the same event, with priority-based or first-come-first-served access, making them more flexible for complex synchronization needs.
Task notifications are preferable in scenarios with a fixed sender-receiver pair, while binary semaphores remain necessary when multiple tasks need to compete for a resource or when the waiting task is unknown in advance.

You can read the FreeRTOS documentation on task notifications and this forum thread for a comprehensive answer.